Active travel modes, especially walking and cycling, are now recognized by many as modes that are fully equal to other urban transport modes, integrated in planning frameworks, and adopted as part of the mainstream – not just in trailblazer countries, but worldwide. An ever-growing body of science underpins the gains society can reap from active travel in terms of transport, health and environmental benefits. Planning practice has accumulated a rich portfolio of measures ready to be considered for inspiration, adaptation and possible application in every city. This publication presents a comprehensive case for why and how to promote walking and cycling, based on the latest evidence from scientific research and planning practice.